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Gone buy a new soldering iron before my first real quad build and saw that they sell a 25W and a ...


G+_Erik Ellsinger
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Higher wattage shouldn't hurt PCBs.  You might be confusing watt and temp.  Think of it as watts is how fast you can heat something up; temp is how hot its going to get.  (But yes, for most PCB  work 25watts is quite ample.)  Higher wattage can actually be a plus.  If you need to stay on more then a few seconds to get the solder to melt/flow, you need more watts.  You are heating up everything, and the heat is moving via capillary action.  (copper is a FANTASTIC conductor of heat (only surpassed by silver then diamond)  High heat fro short bursts is better then lower for longer.  (one of the reason for TIG welding, very how concentrated heat)

Read a datasheet.  They will stated the max soldering times.

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I have several irons I bought over the years. Several crappy 25w irons, a 60watt monster and a 80W Soldering Station.

 

By far the best money I have ever spent was on the Soldering station.

You will get much better joints and much lower frustration using a temperature controllable, quick heat recovering Soldering Station.

 

By allowing you to set the temperature, you can help ensure you are not cooking components. By learning the correct temperatures for different tasks, this will also help. Many people set their irons too high. 260C to 280C is the ideal temp for leaded solder (60/40). 

 

If your iron is not melting the solder correctly, then it is losing heat and not recovering quickly enough. Whilst turning up the temp might overcome this, you run the risk of the following —

 

Damaging components

Oxidising and damaging the iron tip

Melting insulation, masking on the PCB

Lifting tracks on the PCB

Burning off flux

Causing the lead in the solder to Vaporise

Oxidising the tracks, pretinned components etc

 

All of which actually makes the soldering process harder.

The flux is needed to do the wetting. The lead is needed to slow the solidfying process as it cools, so that a good joint is made.

 

You also don't want to be inhaling Vapourised lead. You really don't.

 

Having a damaged tip, stops it being correctly wetted. 

 

The flux overcomes some of the problems of oxidising, by helping clean the junction where you are soldering and acting as a wetting agent to allow the solder to flow. Boiling this off by using too high temperatures is the biggest cause of solder joints not working or solder not flowing. Some people just keeping boosting the temp of the iron, only making this worse.

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